Most conversations about workplace health focus on posture, desk setups and movement, but one key factor is often overlooked: vision.

For individuals with visual impairment, working in a standard office setup can lead to constant postural adjustments, increased strain and a higher risk of musculoskeletal discomfort. When someone struggles to see their screen or documents clearly, they may unconsciously lean forward, crane their neck or hunch their shoulders. These small adjustments over time can contribute to neck, back and shoulder pain.

Understanding the connection between vision and musculoskeletal health is essential for preventing discomfort and long-term issues.

How visual impairment contributes to musculoskeletal pain

The body naturally compensates when vision is impaired, whether due to low contrast, small text, glare or other factors. But this compensation often comes at the expense of good posture.

Common issues include:

• Forward head posture. Straining to see the screen increases tension in the neck and upper back.
• Rounded shoulders. Leaning forward can cause tightness in the chest and weakness in the upper back muscles.
• Lower back discomfort. Awkward sitting positions or twisting to read documents put pressure on the spine.
• Eye strain and headaches. Constant squinting or adjusting focus creates tension in the face, neck and shoulders.

Over time, these small postural shifts can lead to chronic pain, stiffness and musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), affecting comfort, productivity and overall wellbeing.

How to reduce strain and improve comfort

The good news is that small adjustments to the workspace and work habits can help reduce strain and support musculoskeletal health.

1. Adjust workstation setup for better posture

• Use adjustable desks and chairs that support a neutral sitting position.
• Position the monitor at eye level and at a comfortable distance to reduce forward leaning.
• Use document holders to prevent excessive head movements when reading.

2. Improve lighting and contrast

• Ensure task lighting is adjustable to reduce glare and improve visibility.
• Use high-contrast displays and enlarged text to minimise unnecessary squinting or leaning forward.
• Position light sources to avoid reflections on screens, which can contribute to eye strain.

3. Use assistive technology

• Screen magnification software. Reduces the need for leaning forward.
• Screen readers. Allow work to be processed without excessive visual effort.
• Voice-to-text tools. Reduce reliance on screens and fine motor movements.

4. Take regular breaks to reset posture

• Short microbreaks every 20 to 30 minutes help relieve built-up tension.
• Gentle neck and shoulder stretches can prevent stiffness and improve circulation.
• Alternating between sitting and standing promotes natural movement throughout the day.

Final thoughts

Musculoskeletal discomfort in visually impaired individuals often goes unrecognised, but small changes can make a significant difference. Adjusting workstation setup, lighting and posture habits can help prevent unnecessary strain, supporting both comfort and long-term health.

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